Understanding Sever's Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Sever's Disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is a common cause of acute heel pain in growing children, particularly those who are active in sports. Dr. John Paul Elton, a top foot and ankle specialist at Vail-Summit Orthopaedics & Neurosurgery (VSON), provides insights into this condition, its causes, symptoms, and effective Sever's Disease treatment options.
What is Sever's Disease?
Sever's Disease is an inflammation of the growth plate in the heel of growing children. This condition is most prevalent during growth spurts when bones, muscles, tendons, and other structures are changing rapidly. It typically affects children aged 8 to 14 years.
Dr. Elton explains, "Sever's Disease occurs when the growth plate in the heel becomes inflamed due to repetitive stress and pressure. This is often seen in children who participate in sports that involve running and jumping."
Symptoms of Sever's Disease
The hallmark symptom of Sever's Disease is acute heel pain, which often worsens with physical activity and improves with rest. Patients may also experience:
Tenderness and swelling in the heel
Difficulty walking or running
Pain when the sides of the heel are squeezed
Parents should be aware that children might describe the pain as a feeling of stiffness or soreness in the back of the heel. Dr. Elton notes, "It's important to recognize these symptoms early to prevent the condition from worsening and to initiate appropriate Sever's Disease treatment."
Causes of Sever's Disease
Several factors can contribute to the development of Sever's Disease:
Rapid Growth Spurts: During periods of rapid growth, the bones and muscles may grow at different rates, causing tension and stress on the growth plate.
High-Impact Activities: Sports such as soccer, basketball, and gymnastics, which involve running and jumping, can increase the risk of developing severs heel pain.
Improper Footwear: Wearing shoes that do not provide adequate support or cushioning can exacerbate the stress on the heel.
Sever's Disease Treatment
Effective Sever's Disease treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and relieving pain. Dr. Elton emphasizes, "Rest is crucial in managing Sever's Disease. Children should take a break from high-impact activities to allow the heel to heal."
Here are some common treatment options:
Rest and Ice: Limiting activities that cause pain and applying ice to the heel can help reduce inflammation.
Heel Pads or Cushions: Using cushioned heel inserts can provide extra support and alleviate pressure on the growth plate.
Stretching Exercises: Stretching the calf muscles and Achilles tendon can help reduce tension on the heel.
Anti-inflammatory Medications: Over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation.
In more severe cases, a short period of immobilization using a cast or brace may be necessary to allow complete healing. Physical therapy can also be beneficial in strengthening the muscles and improving flexibility, reducing the likelihood of recurrence.
Preventing Sever's Disease
Preventing Sever's Disease involves a combination of proper training, appropriate footwear, and listening to the body's signals. Dr. Elton advises, "Ensure children wear well-fitting shoes with good arch support and cushioning, particularly when participating in sports. Encourage them to warm up properly before activities and to rest if they experience pain."
Sever's Disease, while painful, is a temporary condition that can be effectively managed with the right approach. By understanding the causes and symptoms of acute heel pain in children, and seeking timely Sever's Disease treatment, children can return to their activities pain-free.
For more information on managing severs heel pain or to schedule a consultation with Dr. Elton, visit Vail-Summit Orthopaedics & Neurosurgery. With offices in Vail, Frisco, and Edwards, CO, expert care is always within reach.